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 >> Hello. I'm Madison Rocha, the city auditor and currently neither chair or the vice chair

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 is present at this board of ethics meeting. But we do have a quorum. So I'll call this

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 meeting to order on February 25th, 2021 at 9/11 a.m. So first item of business is to

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 elect a presiding officer for the purposes of this meeting. So I will open it up for

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 nominations. >> I'm Don Cartwright. I'm not nominating

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 as most as presiding officer for this meeting. >> Okay. Any other nominations? Okay. Hearing

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 no other nominations, I'll close the nominations piece and then we'll vote on Ms. Cosimo for

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 being the presiding officer. Don? Debra? >> Okay. Hi.

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 >> And it looks like Ron says hi as well. So then I'll hand the meeting over to you.

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 Debra? >> All right. Thank you. I'm Debra Cosimo

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 and I have never done this before. So I will need some guidance along the way. So I beg

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 your forbearance. We have before us a question that was submitted for an advisory opinion

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 by Paul Meltzer, councilperson. And should I read this question into the record? So the

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 question is, my wife resigned from UNT effective January 16th of this year, she earned more

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 than $600 during that partial month, which will be reflected on her 2021 W-2 form. Does

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 the conflict for me regarding pending matters involving UNT continue through 2021, perhaps

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 even through January 15th, 2022? Or does the idea of a 12-month look back period not apply

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 since the employment relationship has ended? And that question was submitted on February

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 6th, 2021. Okay. So I guess I open it up for discussion and comments, questions. And thank

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 you, Alan, for being here. >> Certainly. I'll say as a preliminary matter

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 that Denton's Code of Ethics provides this procedure for advisory opinions under Section

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 278. And it was done to encourage those that had a question to get guidance from the Board

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 of Ethics before they had any conduct that would be called into question. And so this

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 is a way to provide some guidance and direction to somebody who is unclear on how the code

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 applies to them or an action that they're contemplating. And so the Board of Ethics

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 is required to convene a panel. This is today's panel, at least three members. Our board has

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 alternates. And so we're glad to have Debra here for that. And we're required to give

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 our advisory opinion within 30 days. And certainly, Winter Storm Yuri and some other things has

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 made preparing for this a challenge and getting everyone convened online has been a challenge.

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 But I'm glad to be here today as a resource for you. I am special counsel to the City

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 of Denton on ethical matters. It's not my job to rule or decide these things, but instead

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 to help you understand the code or my opinions of how the code is applied. And we can have

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 the conversations in open session, as tends to be the case. But also, like any other group,

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 you're allowed to go into executive session, a private consultation with your lawyer, which

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 is what I am in this case. I've looked at Councilman Melter's request, and I reviewed

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 the code, and I'm happy to discuss it with you and help the best I can.

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 Great. I do have a question while we have you here. When it talks about current conflict

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 of interest, if the wife is not employed at the current time when they do the vote, is

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 that the way I interpret the code with this conflict? It's 273(a)(1).

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 Yes. We are looking at 273(a), and that is the very nature of the question we're being

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 asked. That is the point. How do we interpret this? City Council chose to define the conflict

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 in part based on what's reflected in a W-2. And so, can the conflict be extinguished?

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 Does it expire when someone no longer is actively employed? And under Denton's code, much like

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 in state law, the conflicts of certain relatives apply to the city officials themselves. So

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 in this case, certainly a council member's spouse and their conflicts become the city

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 councilman, councilwoman's conflicts. And if in fact this council member's spouse was

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 employed by UNT, and that's going to appear on their W-2, then I think that is what the

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 code would apply the conflict to. I don't see anything in the code that would say that

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 disengagement, resignation, a severance of the relationship ends the conflict for any

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 particular period of time. Alan, you said for a particular period of

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 time, wouldn't it be the same as if a councilperson left the council, and then there's a one-year

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 period where they're not to do matters that would conflict with their former position

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 as a councilperson? So wouldn't that also apply to family members?

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 I think the code under D2, where it talks about it solely applies to former city council

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 members. So I don't see how it would apply to a relative at that point, or a spouse.

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 If you look at, like I say, D2 about halfway down through it, it talks about solely applies

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 to the former city council official and should not be consulted to apply to other affiliated

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 persons. So that seems like that would rule out a spouse.

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 Don, are you talking about the representation of others?

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 Yes. You're correct in that there are certain provisions

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 of our code that only apply to the city official, and that's in regards to representation of

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 other people before the city or city boards or commissions. That's different than what

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 we're talking about today. The conflict of interest rules apply not just

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 to the city officials covered in the code, but to certain relatives. In this case, certainly

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 it applies to a spouse. A spouse is related to a council member within the matter of degrees

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 specified in the code. Doesn't this also kind of address the rollback

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 that he had referred to in his second part of his question, where it doesn't apply to

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 a spouse or someone other than the individual council member?

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 The look back, I don't think there is an answer in the code that clearly addresses that.

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 I think what the language is that we have is that if a council member or a relative

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 as defined in the code receives income that's reported on a W-2, then that W-2 creates a

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 conflict for that council member. If more than $600, the number chosen by the council

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 was earned during that time period, and it's reflected on the W-2, there's a conflict of

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 interest for that council member. There's nothing in the code that I have found that

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 would suggest that the relationship is somehow severed for purposes of the code of ethics

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 just because the employment relationship is severed.

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 Alan, that conflict would apply as long as there was a W-2 within the past year that

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 reflected more than $600? I believe so. Based on that then, would it be that the conflict

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 using Mr. Melcher's language would still apply for him regarding pending matters involving

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 UNT until throughout 2021 when that last W-2 form would be provided? And then would it

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 extend into 2022? I believe that as long as you have the W-2

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 that reflects that, that's the measurable amount that there is that conflict. Whether

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 it applies into 2022, I question that. I think at the time that these rules were adopted,

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 if I can recall correctly and provide you all with some history, there were some that

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 were strenuously arguing that the threshold for a conflict of interest would be $1. And

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 ultimately after considering various options, the council considered the $600 mark because

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 at the time it was stated that was the threshold to trigger a 1099 report regarding income

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 tax. And so to get to there, we went to the W-2 thinking this takes away some of the subjectivity,

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 makes it a more objective measure and something that's easily quantifiable and verifiable to

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 provide city officials with a clear line as to when they have a conflict and when they

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 do not have a conflict. And I'll share with you that that's a far more precise means of

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 determining a conflict than is even in state law. Where state law, there's a lot more room

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 for negotiation and argument about whether somebody received income and how much, what

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 that threshold is. So here we have this, we have a city council member who has a spouse

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 who has at least $600 of reported income that will be on the W-2. There's nothing in the

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 code that would say serving your relationship from the employer distinguishes the conflict.

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 And what I would ask you to consider is would your answer be different if the threshold

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 was $100,000 and they worked for a massive Fortune 500 company for 30 years, but they

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 resigned January 15th. Do you think that their relationship, their judgment, their objectivity

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 changed just because they left that company after 30 years and made $199,000? And so I

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 wouldn't be caught up with the timing as much or the dollar amount as much as if when you

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 read the code, do you think that there's a conflict of interest for a period of time

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 after someone has left employment, but they crossed that $600 threshold? And for me, it

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 appears that there is. And so I think that the most straightforward answer is that the

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 council member would have to conduct himself as though he has that conflict for the financial

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 year for which there is that W-2. Beyond that, it's less clear to me.

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 Let me ask you, she's not going to receive the W-2 until 2022. And it talks about the

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 preceding year. When does it take effect? When does it, when would it end? Would it

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 not end until 2023 then? As I read the code, based on what you're saying, disclosure under

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 the subsection shall be for the time period, including the previous calendar year and up

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 to the date where the contracting interest arises for the city official. That's under

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 I think the disclosure has to be made when an issue is before the council that involves

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 the conflict. So in this specific case, it would be dealing with a contract or permit

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 or authorization or approval with the University of North Texas. Once the disclosure is made,

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 it's made. And the disclosure is on file. It's not a repeated requirement. It's a requirement

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 to put this in writing in the form of an affidavit on file with the city auditor. And once that's

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 done, the requirement is met. And so what you're discussing is the disclosure requirement.

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 I believe that that's true. They have to make this disclosure in the form of the affidavit.

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 Once it's done, that box is checked.

00:15:16.200 --> 00:15:27.440
 Helen, it does mention in that section about disclosure pending matter, which I believe

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 would come up. Currently we have council members who abstain basically complete an affidavit

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 of abstention, which I believe is what this is actually talking about, but I could be

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 incorrect. So they do have to every time a new pending matter comes up, in particular

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 in this case about UNT, Councilmember Meltzer files an affidavit of abstention for that

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 particular item. So section 2-273A2 does not apply to these. That's just, if I understand

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 you, Helen, that's a one-time thing, and these affidavits of abstention are a separate matter.

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 And so the question would be how long after the severance of employment would these affidavits

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 of abstention continue to have to be filed? Did that?

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 Sure, I understand now. I misunderstood what was being asked a moment ago.

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 So I'm not an attorney, and I make a whole disclosure, but it appears to me that that

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 period of time that abstention, affidavits of abstention would have to be filed, and

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 that there would be a conflicting interest in a pending matter that would exist until

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 the end of 2021 because Councilperson Meltzer's wife severance, her last W-2 from UNT, would

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 be for 2021.

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 But she wouldn't get the W-2 until 2022, until, at least after, they'd have to get it by

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 January 31st, unless they give an extension.

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 But she would still have a severance in terms of her resignation. She would have the dates

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 on that. She would have her last paycheck. So there would be documentation that she earned

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 more than $600 during that year.

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 I think that as an ethics board, we shouldn't be controlled by the specific language at

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 all times. I think there's another test that has to be done as to what makes sense. The

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 ethics ordinance is new. We're testing it now. There are things in the ethics ordinance

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 that we have discovered don't make sense. I think this is one of them. I see a distinction

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 between the Councilperson having been employed by the institution and resigning in January

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 versus the Councilperson's relative. Just like any law that's passed by a municipality

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 that has an inconsistency, that law can be repealed or changed. This is one of those

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 areas of the ethics ordinance that I think we need to further define in terms of what

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 the impact is. What is the impact on Councilman Melser presiding over a pending matter in

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 2021 when his wife resigned in January from that institution? It doesn't make sense that

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 there be a conflict just because the ethics ordinance language suggests that it is. This

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 needs to be an area where we look to changing it or further defining what it means. If it

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 means that he has to recuse himself just because he was employed for a month this year, then

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 that doesn't make sense, and it shouldn't exist in terms of our ordinance.

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 It's up to the City Council to make the changes. We can make those recommendations. This came

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 up before with the polling sites because universities are listed as business in definitions. I feel

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 like we've covered this ground before. Council is aware of the problem. They did go back

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 and change that section to the polling places that someone with a conflict could still vote

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 on polling places in the city budget. I think that what as an ethics board, in my opinion,

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 we can only go by the language that's in the document. When we come up against the problem

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 and we can make recommendations to City Council, but it's up to the City Council to make those

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 changes, is my understanding.

00:21:35.280 --> 00:21:48.080
 Yeah, I don't think our ethics document is clear on this particular request that Councilman

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 Metzer has made. If it's not clear, then I'm kind of siding with what Mr. Johnson says.

00:21:57.000 --> 00:22:01.520
 We shouldn't try to enforce something that's not clear, and I don't think it's particularly

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 clear.

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 As a lay person, when I look at this, it's clear to me that his wife meets the definition

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 of family, that the pending matters, conflicts of interest, pending matters applies to relationships

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 of both council persons and their spouses and family members.

00:22:26.640 --> 00:22:34.880
 Yeah, if she was currently employed when the vote would come up, then I absolutely agree

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 with you. But if she's been terminated or quit or for whatever reason in January and

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 the vote comes up in August, I don't see a conflict there.

00:22:48.280 --> 00:22:51.640
 I agree with Dan.

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 Well, I agree with you as well. I think it's pretty silly, but this is the document we

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 have to work with. These are the guidelines. I don't think that we can go outside of it

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 as a panel or as a board without City Council making some revisions.

00:23:12.080 --> 00:23:18.080
 It's one thing going outside of it, and it's another thing making decisions based upon

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 incomplete information or cloudy information. As Don indicated, it's not clear why this

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 applies. So if it's not clear, then our decision to honor his participation is not a violation

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 of the ethics board or ethics ordinance. It is a conclusion that we reach based upon our

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 interpretation.

00:23:44.920 --> 00:23:48.040
 Madison, you had your hand up.

00:23:48.040 --> 00:23:52.160
 Just for some procedural things that have been mentioned, you're correct about the process

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 of making changes to the ethics ordinance. The board is able to make recommendations

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 about changes to the ordinance to council, and then council must ultimately approve those

00:24:02.720 --> 00:24:14.160
 before they become, I guess, law or code. I was also going to mention, if this is an

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 area that you all think should be raised because it is cloudy, I can certainly put it on the

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 list of items I have to bring up to the board to get clarification on so that the board

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 can make a recommendation. The other thing I just wanted to mention is that the ethics

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 ordinance does specifically state that reliance on an advisory opinion is basically a defense

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 if somebody submitted an ethics complaint against, like in this case, if councilmember

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 Meltzer voted down the line in August on a UNT matter, but this panel had issued an advisory

00:24:56.720 --> 00:25:01.520
 opinion that that was fine, but somebody submitted an ethics complaint, he could say, well, they

00:25:01.520 --> 00:25:12.080
 told me I could do this, and that would be a defense basically. So that's just to know.

00:25:12.080 --> 00:25:20.720
 I think that's all accurate, and from a big picture, I agree whenever this board of ethics

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 or this panel of the board of ethics sees something in the code that they think is either

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 incorrect or no longer makes sense or is just not workable, that should be added to Madison's

00:25:35.840 --> 00:25:42.200
 ongoing list of potential amendments to be made to the code when the City Council is

00:25:42.200 --> 00:25:48.040
 ready to do that. Absolutely, this board of ethics is in a good position to make those

00:25:48.040 --> 00:25:54.000
 recommendations, and I think that would probably be very meaningful to the City Council to

00:25:54.000 --> 00:26:02.240
 do that. They've entrusted you with the administration of this code, and they may take your recommendations,

00:26:02.240 --> 00:26:08.640
 they may take some of them or not all of them. That's their discretion. In this instance,

00:26:08.640 --> 00:26:18.280
 I think that what the code as written suggests is that when it comes to these disclosures,

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 it's the type of financial relationship between employer and employee that would be reflected

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 on one of these IRS tax forms, in this case a W-2. And if the threshold of $600 has been

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 surpassed, then that triggers the conflict of interest. The disclosure requirements, whenever

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 an item comes before the City, there's the requirement to disclose it through the form

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 of an affidavit. But it goes on to say that the period of that disclosure is basically

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 for a time period that includes at least the previous year. And so I think filing a disclosure

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 will cover the time period that goes back to what will eventually be January of 2022.

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 And after that period, if there's no more work reported on one of these tax forms, that

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 would be $600 or more, the reporting requirement is over and the abstention from action requirement

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 is over. But until then, I think that's what the code requires. And there could be an argument

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 that each time a new matter comes before the City, a permit, a contract, some form of authorization

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 with UNT, that a new disclosure form would have to be filed. I don't know if that was

00:27:50.800 --> 00:27:58.120
 the intention because of the one-year look-back period on the disclosure, but that is an argument

00:27:58.120 --> 00:28:03.880
 that was raised today and I can see that as a legitimate argument. What is the normal

00:28:03.880 --> 00:28:09.960
 procedure if we were just going under state law is you file that affidavit, it's on file

00:28:09.960 --> 00:28:16.560
 with the City Secretary and it just exists. It's not filed each and every time a matter

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 comes forward. Because the purpose, of course, is to put the public on notice that the City

00:28:22.400 --> 00:28:29.720
 official, in this case, the City Councilman, has publicly told everyone about this relationship,

00:28:29.720 --> 00:28:36.480
 which at this point is a past relationship. And therefore, they're not influencing the

00:28:36.480 --> 00:28:42.840
 matter in secret. It's very transparent. And so, the disclosure part is the transparency

00:28:42.840 --> 00:28:49.320
 part. The second part is the abstention part, which is saying, because I have this past

00:28:49.320 --> 00:28:55.880
 relationship through my spouse, I am not going to be deliberating this as a council member

00:28:55.880 --> 00:29:03.400
 or voting on it as a council member. And that's what I think the code says.

00:29:03.400 --> 00:29:13.600
 Let me ask you just a simple question. If he discloses the fact that his wife works

00:29:13.600 --> 00:29:24.120
 at UT, which everyone is aware of, and then he still votes, to me, would that be a violation

00:29:24.120 --> 00:29:35.720
 of the code? If he discloses it, discloses it, and then votes, has he violated the code?

00:29:35.720 --> 00:29:42.600
 I think he would be vulnerable to an ethics complaint for the next year. But I think the

00:29:42.600 --> 00:29:48.240
 conservative reading of the entire section put together would yield is that he has the

00:29:48.240 --> 00:29:54.400
 duty to disclose this relationship in the form of an affidavit, and he has a duty to

00:29:54.400 --> 00:30:00.960
 abstain from deliberations until January at some point, 2022.

00:30:00.960 --> 00:30:11.360
 So, wasn't Mr. Meltzer censured because he voted on polling places despite the pending

00:30:11.360 --> 00:30:20.800
 conflict? Am I remembering that correctly? That's correct.

00:30:20.800 --> 00:30:32.240
 That was a clear interpretation of the ordinance in terms of what occurred that last time.

00:30:32.240 --> 00:30:40.560
 Even though that, too, perhaps didn't make sense, there was no question about how the

00:30:40.560 --> 00:30:52.560
 ordinance was being interpreted. In this case, there is a question about how it's being interpreted.

00:30:52.560 --> 00:31:05.960
 I'm seeing it as very similar. For my list, is the piece that is really cloudy, is that

00:31:05.960 --> 00:31:15.720
 in section 2-273A1, when it says city officials with a current conflicting interest, is that

00:31:15.720 --> 00:31:22.800
 the piece, the current piece, is that what is the confusing piece? If the conflict is

00:31:22.800 --> 00:31:32.400
 still current once the employment relationship is terminated?

00:31:32.400 --> 00:31:40.640
 I interpret that it ended when that conflict ended, and if it's not current, if she's not

00:31:40.640 --> 00:31:49.080
 currently employed, then I don't see any reason for him not to be able to vote. If you found

00:31:49.080 --> 00:31:56.800
 out later that there was some adagans dealing on her leaving the job and letting him vote

00:31:56.800 --> 00:32:01.960
 and go back, then I think there's other areas in the code that we could find that he did

00:32:01.960 --> 00:32:10.200
 violate the code. But with her leaving, I just don't believe that it's a current conflict

00:32:10.200 --> 00:32:14.560
 of interest. My opinion.

00:32:14.560 --> 00:32:28.120
 What about the definition of family and the application that the code applies to council

00:32:28.120 --> 00:32:38.600
 members and their families? I don't see anything in the code that says that it no longer applies

00:32:38.600 --> 00:32:47.120
 because of... I don't see anything that treats family members differently from council members

00:32:47.120 --> 00:32:50.560
 in terms of conflicts of interest.

00:32:50.560 --> 00:32:59.880
 I can agree with that, but if a council member was... If he was employed at University of

00:32:59.880 --> 00:33:07.280
 North Texas, and he terminated, would he have a current conflict at that time as long as

00:33:07.280 --> 00:33:13.640
 he informed it, as long as everyone knew it? Would he not be able to vote on items that

00:33:13.640 --> 00:33:22.400
 came up to UNT? I'm saying it would go both ways because there would not be a current

00:33:22.400 --> 00:33:23.400
 conflict.

00:33:23.400 --> 00:33:32.240
 Well, it would be because if they were paid more than $600 in gross annual income, then

00:33:32.240 --> 00:33:46.640
 it would be a conflict, is how I'm reading it. I think we're stuck because I think we're

00:33:46.640 --> 00:33:55.480
 all in agreement that this is rather silly. But then based upon what we have in the code

00:33:55.480 --> 00:34:08.440
 of ethics, how do we apply it to this situation? I think personally that we should add it to

00:34:08.440 --> 00:34:17.000
 the list of things to clear up. Mr. Meltzer stated that this was not urgent, but it would

00:34:17.000 --> 00:34:21.040
 eventually be helpful to have it settled. I think that this is something that we can

00:34:21.040 --> 00:34:27.720
 take before the full board for discussion. But my recommendation, and I'm open for discussion,

00:34:27.720 --> 00:34:34.400
 is that we apply the code as it is written, which would be that it would be a conflict

00:34:34.400 --> 00:34:47.600
 of interest until January 2022, based upon section 2-273(a), conflicts of interest (3),

00:34:47.600 --> 00:34:54.760
 definition of conflicting interest (4), and b, the receipt of more than $600 in gross annual

00:34:54.760 --> 00:35:00.320
 income evidenced by the 2 form, et cetera.

00:35:00.320 --> 00:35:10.860
 As a board, we are constrained by the specific language of the ordinance in relationship

00:35:10.860 --> 00:35:18.160
 to interpreting it and applying it. When the language is specific and unambiguous and there's

00:35:18.160 --> 00:35:26.280
 no question about the intent, then I believe that Madison is correct in that the proper

00:35:26.280 --> 00:35:32.400
 way to address something like that is to put it on a list for council's consideration for

00:35:32.400 --> 00:35:39.880
 changing. In this case, I don't think that we have a clear, unambiguous interpretation

00:35:39.880 --> 00:35:47.880
 of the matter before us, and basically it boils down to how we interpret it. And how

00:35:47.880 --> 00:35:55.860
 we interpret it is not a violation of that principle that the council changes things.

00:35:55.860 --> 00:36:04.520
 How we interpret it is how we see it. So if we interpret it to mean that there should

00:36:04.520 --> 00:36:10.840
 be no conflict, then yes, that should also still go on the list for council, but it should

00:36:10.840 --> 00:36:19.040
 give council added impetus to change it so that it won't be a question in the future.

00:36:19.040 --> 00:36:28.360
 But at this point, many governmental entities that find a law that is unenforceable, they

00:36:28.360 --> 00:36:38.960
 stop enforcing it until the legislature or the applicable body changes it. So if we do

00:36:38.960 --> 00:36:49.560
 not find that Councilman Meltzer is liable for conflict of interest in this matter, it

00:36:49.560 --> 00:36:56.960
 is not that we're not following the ethics ordinance. We're interpreting it in a way

00:36:56.960 --> 00:37:05.480
 that's favorable to him. And any changes, as I indicated, that are resulting after that

00:37:05.480 --> 00:37:10.240
 can be handled by the council.

00:37:10.240 --> 00:37:15.840
 If I could chime in, I think this is a fantastic discussion. And I think what you all are doing

00:37:15.840 --> 00:37:21.680
 is absolutely positive, and the city council is quite lucky, and the citizens are quite

00:37:21.680 --> 00:37:28.200
 lucky to have a group of you doing this sort of thing. Because, believe me, when I look

00:37:28.200 --> 00:37:35.040
 at these sorts of incidents, these fact patterns, and this code, and try to reconcile them,

00:37:35.040 --> 00:37:41.880
 my advice is a little bit broad, and I'm choosing to call it conservative, in that the advice

00:37:41.880 --> 00:37:48.600
 I give individuals is designed to keep them out of trouble and help them avoid having

00:37:48.600 --> 00:37:53.560
 complaints brought against them. Because I think that can be a very damaging thing to

00:37:53.560 --> 00:38:02.240
 a person, and I want their behavior to be above reproach and above the appearance of

00:38:02.240 --> 00:38:08.560
 impropriety, so they can go on and do their public service unscathed. What you're doing

00:38:08.560 --> 00:38:14.320
 is looking at the code and the fact pattern from a very pragmatic standpoint, and seeing

00:38:14.320 --> 00:38:22.400
 does this rule, as it could be applied, make sense in this situation. And I get a sense

00:38:22.400 --> 00:38:29.160
 that all three of you think it does not make sense in this situation, and is even characterized

00:38:29.160 --> 00:38:38.440
 by one as being silly. And so, at this point, I'm going to encourage you not to be purely

00:38:38.440 --> 00:38:47.000
 bureaucratic, and see if you can interpret the code in a way that makes sense. Because

00:38:47.000 --> 00:38:53.120
 as Madison stated earlier, if you issue an advisory opinion, the council member who receives

00:38:53.120 --> 00:39:00.440
 it and relies on it in good faith is able to have that as a defense to any ethics complaint

00:39:00.440 --> 00:39:05.800
 that comes forward. What I would hope is having that advisory opinion, which is deter them

00:39:05.800 --> 00:39:11.480
 from being an ethics complaint, because this panel has made its decision and offered that

00:39:11.480 --> 00:39:18.320
 guidance. So, hopefully, we would never get to that point. If you were inclined to apply

00:39:18.320 --> 00:39:25.960
 the rule and say that there's a conflict requiring disclosure and abstention for, in effect, a

00:39:25.960 --> 00:39:34.120
 year, 11 months, it would be because $600 was received within that time period. The

00:39:34.120 --> 00:39:45.280
 word in Section 3B is receipt. Not that you're going to receive someday, but there was received

00:39:45.280 --> 00:39:55.360
 $600. That's what you would do, and that creates a conflict for a year going forward. If, however,

00:39:55.360 --> 00:40:03.360
 you think applying this rule does not make sense, then I think what you would focus on

00:40:03.360 --> 00:40:12.160
 is what Madison pointed out earlier, accurately, is that above in 273(a)(1), it talks about

00:40:12.160 --> 00:40:20.240
 a current conflicting interest. And if this panel of the Denton Board of Ethics thinks

00:40:20.240 --> 00:40:27.240
 there's no longer a current conflicting interest because the council member's spouse resigned

00:40:27.240 --> 00:40:35.080
 in January, then that is the basis for you issuing an advisory opinion saying that this

00:40:35.080 --> 00:40:41.920
 conflict doesn't apply. Now, I think there's still the disclosure requirement. Well, how

00:40:41.920 --> 00:40:50.600
 does that make sense? Because if the councilman goes on and votes on matters regarding UNT,

00:40:50.600 --> 00:40:57.840
 having disclosed that there's this matter and I have a conflict dating back to January

00:40:57.840 --> 00:41:05.000
 2021, then the citizens are aware and the citizens can decide whether that matters to

00:41:05.000 --> 00:41:11.040
 them or not. They're able to pick up the phone and call their councilman. They're able to

00:41:11.040 --> 00:41:18.080
 vote. There are various means. What they would not have at their disposal is an ethics complaint.

00:41:18.080 --> 00:41:24.400
 It would not be successful because if he goes forward and votes on UNT matters in reliance

00:41:24.400 --> 00:41:30.480
 on your advisory opinion, then he has that defense. And I think that is a way forward

00:41:30.480 --> 00:41:37.840
 because what I'm always going to be encouraging the people of Denton to do is make decisions

00:41:37.840 --> 00:41:45.560
 that yield ethical behavior, not just bureaucratic technical results. And if you're not concerned

00:41:45.560 --> 00:41:51.840
 about the behavior, if you're not concerned about the conduct, you don't think that the

00:41:51.840 --> 00:41:57.800
 councilman going forward and discussing and voting on UNT matters, despite having had

00:41:57.800 --> 00:42:03.600
 a previous relationship through his spouse, if that's not problematic, then issue an advisory

00:42:03.600 --> 00:42:10.600
 opinion that says so because we're supposed to be focusing on integrity and good behavior,

00:42:10.600 --> 00:42:17.720
 not just on how the words can be interpreted to require something or prohibit something.

00:42:17.720 --> 00:42:19.880
 Does that make sense?

00:42:19.880 --> 00:42:34.840
 To sum up what I think I understand you said is that requiring the disclosure, but not

00:42:34.840 --> 00:42:39.640
 making it a violation of the ethics code if he voted.

00:42:39.640 --> 00:42:45.240
 Correct. I think if that's what you want to do, I'm listening to the conversation and

00:42:45.240 --> 00:42:53.400
 I think there's a consensus, then the basis, the hook you hang your head on is how you

00:42:53.400 --> 00:43:00.520
 interpret the word current in section A1. You're basically saying in your opinion that

00:43:00.520 --> 00:43:07.320
 there may have been a previous conflict, but there's not a current one going forward. And

00:43:07.320 --> 00:43:12.400
 while there needs to be disclosure because of the one year look back, he can actually

00:43:12.400 --> 00:43:17.760
 discuss and vote on matters going forward. And if someone were to file a complaint against

00:43:17.760 --> 00:43:23.840
 them, he would have an affirmative defense because he has your advisory opinion in his

00:43:23.840 --> 00:43:28.960
 hand, which would make it easy for the board of ethics at that point to dispose of that

00:43:28.960 --> 00:43:33.080
 complaint.

00:43:33.080 --> 00:43:38.400
 And then I guess our third point would be we would like to have this brought up before

00:43:38.400 --> 00:43:42.840
 the full committee to review it for any possible changes.

00:43:42.840 --> 00:43:49.720
 Yes. I know that y'all are keeping some sort of list of things you spot big and small.

00:43:49.720 --> 00:43:55.280
 I'm sure that Madison's office has a list of things that her office would actually like

00:43:55.280 --> 00:44:01.160
 addressed for administrative efficiency purposes. At some point, that list needs to go before

00:44:01.160 --> 00:44:07.360
 the full board of ethics. And you need to have a thorough discussion of it, in my opinion,

00:44:07.360 --> 00:44:13.020
 at which point you vote to send a list of recommendations forward to the city council

00:44:13.020 --> 00:44:21.640
 for the city council to then deliberate. Because this is your first code of ethics. It was

00:44:21.640 --> 00:44:27.720
 a lengthy process, a very inclusive, deliberative process to draft it. But once it got inked

00:44:27.720 --> 00:44:34.120
 and signed, administering it helps people understand it a little bit better, apply it

00:44:34.120 --> 00:44:38.960
 to real-world examples, and we learn things. And some things that seem to make sense at

00:44:38.960 --> 00:44:43.760
 one point may not make sense in the future. There's nothing wrong with amending and updating

00:44:43.760 --> 00:44:50.400
 ordinances. Municipalities do it all the time. But what matters to me is we've got a panel

00:44:50.400 --> 00:44:55.600
 of good people with good intentions from the board of ethics looking at a rule, applying

00:44:55.600 --> 00:45:01.440
 it to a particular fact pattern, and saying this doesn't make sense. Well, one way you

00:45:01.440 --> 00:45:08.160
 can address it is to recommend an ordinance amendment. Another way you can address it

00:45:08.160 --> 00:45:13.680
 is in your interpretation in the advisory opinion. And what I'm telling you as your

00:45:13.680 --> 00:45:19.840
 lawyer in this matter is if that's the direction you want to go, I can support that. And the

00:45:19.840 --> 00:45:26.200
 way you do it is with the way we talked about current in that earlier section. I agree with

00:45:26.200 --> 00:45:32.640
 what you're all saying. This is why this is hard. This is why we have these kind of meetings.

00:45:32.640 --> 00:45:37.720
 The same word can mean something different to different people. It's a matter of interpretation.

00:45:37.720 --> 00:45:43.960
 And more than anything, I want this code to be fairly applied. I want it to make sense.

00:45:43.960 --> 00:45:48.900
 And I want when you're done with your meetings, I want you to feel like you've done your part

00:45:48.900 --> 00:45:57.080
 to further integrity at City Hall in Denton. And so that is a path forward if you choose

00:45:57.080 --> 00:46:04.500
 to take it. The other option is to say, "Nope, our advisory opinion says you have a conflict.

00:46:04.500 --> 00:46:11.560
 You can't vote for a year. You must disclose for a year." And then say, "City Council,

00:46:11.560 --> 00:46:21.440
 please address this when the time is right." So Alan, for this advisory opinion, it would

00:46:21.440 --> 00:46:32.520
 just apply to this case, right? Yes. It is specific to the fact patterns that we're doing.

00:46:32.520 --> 00:46:46.480
 I have some concerns about opening a can of worms, if other advisory, if other questions.

00:46:46.480 --> 00:46:54.680
 Yes, Madison. I just wanted, and maybe I'll just wait until

00:46:54.680 --> 00:47:00.480
 we have the advisory opinion. Never mind. I apologize for interrupting.

00:47:00.480 --> 00:47:16.040
 Okay. No problem. Because I can see hanging, using the A1 as the framework. That makes

00:47:16.040 --> 00:47:22.760
 a lot of sense to me, and I'm comfortable with that. But my concern is that we may have

00:47:22.760 --> 00:47:31.320
 a lot, unless there are some changes to the ordinance, we may have to do a lot of parsing

00:47:31.320 --> 00:47:40.960
 along the way, if that makes. And so that bit concerns me. And in terms of, yes, Madison,

00:47:40.960 --> 00:47:45.080
 you look like you have something to say. Yeah, I was just going to, I think if you issue

00:47:45.080 --> 00:47:49.960
 an advisory opinion to Council Member Meltzer specifically, because your concern was about

00:47:49.960 --> 00:47:56.080
 opening a can of worms, that does not, I think if something else came up where some other

00:47:56.080 --> 00:48:02.600
 council member had a relationship with another entity and their spouse terminated that, but

00:48:02.600 --> 00:48:09.040
 it was facts were different, right? I don't think that having issued that advisory opinion

00:48:09.040 --> 00:48:14.440
 would prevent the board in any way from seeing those facts and interpreting them differently

00:48:14.440 --> 00:48:19.960
 at this point without a change to the ordinance. But Alan, do you have a different opinion

00:48:19.960 --> 00:48:23.480
 on that? Basically, I don't think it sets precedent.

00:48:23.480 --> 00:48:29.520
 Yeah. Precedent is always a concern. That's the magic word. I don't think that this advisory

00:48:29.520 --> 00:48:37.240
 opinion would necessarily be binding on a future panel or the Board of Ethics, but we

00:48:37.240 --> 00:48:44.160
 do want similar facts to be treated similarly. We do want to treat people fairly and not

00:48:44.160 --> 00:48:49.280
 issue opinions based on do we like this person or like this entity? And I don't think y'all

00:48:49.280 --> 00:48:55.880
 would ever do that. So my recommendation would be if another council member comes forward

00:48:55.880 --> 00:49:03.880
 with a similar situation, that either we would give them a similar advisory opinion or we

00:49:03.880 --> 00:49:10.720
 would seriously have the council amend the ordinance to make clear what people want in

00:49:10.720 --> 00:49:19.160
 Denton. And I'll share with you that not all municipalities that have Codes of Ethics have

00:49:19.160 --> 00:49:26.640
 a process for advisory opinions. Or in some cities, advisory opinion comes from, you know,

00:49:26.640 --> 00:49:35.160
 an outside lawyer, not from a group like yours, or there just is no process. And for me, I

00:49:35.160 --> 00:49:40.680
 am glad that the City Council chose to have this process that you're working through to

00:49:40.680 --> 00:49:47.400
 today. Because I think the more that we ask questions and converse about ethics, the better

00:49:47.400 --> 00:49:52.720
 behavior we're going to have, and the more confidence the citizens can have in what's

00:49:52.720 --> 00:49:57.360
 going on at City Hall. So more conversations, deliberations, decisions is a good thing,

00:49:57.360 --> 00:50:04.000
 not a bad thing. And the second thing is, I think we're a great resource for folks who

00:50:04.000 --> 00:50:09.920
 can look at the code and maybe it just either they don't understand it or it doesn't make

00:50:09.920 --> 00:50:16.200
 sense in their situation. And this is a really good safety valve. And so if it creates more

00:50:16.200 --> 00:50:23.240
 meetings for you and more advisory opinions for you, then it's good to be needed. You've

00:50:23.240 --> 00:50:27.720
 got some work to do. But I think that it's through these advisory opinions, we breathe

00:50:27.720 --> 00:50:34.080
 more life into the code, rather than just hearings on a complaint, where it's more like

00:50:34.080 --> 00:50:40.360
 a trial and there may be some punishment for somebody. And so I don't necessarily look

00:50:40.360 --> 00:50:46.920
 at requests for advisory opinions as a bad thing. We want our city officials when in

00:50:46.920 --> 00:50:55.640
 doubt to ask in advance versus having to defend themselves at a hearing. And so I would consider

00:50:55.640 --> 00:51:11.280
 approaching it that way if you're so inclined. Any other discussion? So then in the process,

00:51:11.280 --> 00:51:18.040
 do we vote on this or make a motion? Someone would make a motion. There'd be a second

00:51:18.040 --> 00:51:27.200
 and a vote. And based on whatever the motion is in this discussion, I would work with Madison

00:51:27.200 --> 00:51:41.480
 to draft a very short advisory opinion or the chairperson's signature. Do I hear a motion?

00:51:41.480 --> 00:51:56.800
 I move that we find that Councilman Meltzer's request to determine if there is a conflict

00:51:56.800 --> 00:52:11.200
 of interest related to his wife's termination of employment in January 2021 is not a conflict

00:52:11.200 --> 00:52:32.880
 in that anything he deliberates on after January 2021 does not constitute a current conflict

00:52:32.880 --> 00:52:41.400
 as it relates to his wife's previous employment. That can probably be reduced a little bit,

00:52:41.400 --> 00:52:54.040
 but... Could I try to read that back? The motion is that the panel finds that Councilmember

00:52:54.040 --> 00:53:01.840
 Meltzer's request to determine if there is a conflict of interest related to his wife's

00:53:01.840 --> 00:53:09.000
 previous employment, which terminated in January 2021, is not a conflict in that anything he

00:53:09.000 --> 00:53:15.720
 deliberates on after January 2021 does not constitute a current conflict of interest.

00:53:15.720 --> 00:53:27.080
 Is that the end? I think that's the end. That's pretty good. And if I may suggest, there needs

00:53:27.080 --> 00:53:32.400
 to be a friendly amendment to your motion before it's seconded, and that is to address

00:53:32.400 --> 00:53:40.220
 the disclosure requirement. The disclosure would still need to happen for any new pending

00:53:40.220 --> 00:53:51.040
 matters for the calendar year prior to the separation from UNT. Is that y'all's intent?

00:53:51.040 --> 00:53:59.680
 So, as a procedural question, that would mean, because as I mentioned currently, they file

00:53:59.680 --> 00:54:06.760
 affidavits of abstention, which specifically say for this item, I am abstaining because

00:54:06.760 --> 00:54:14.840
 of this conflict of interest reason, which he has put in the past the $600 in gross annual

00:54:14.840 --> 00:54:20.480
 income. So, we would require him to still complete that, but he would be able to vote

00:54:20.480 --> 00:54:27.960
 instead of abstaining. That's the direction I'm hearing procedurally. That's probably

00:54:27.960 --> 00:54:32.820
 a little more detailed than it needs to be. Well, that's not the motion. That's just my

00:54:32.820 --> 00:54:41.040
 clarification. I'm imagining, Madison, it may have to be a slightly different form. A different

00:54:41.040 --> 00:54:47.160
 form. So, it's a disclosure of the relationship, but it's not abstaining. And so, that way,

00:54:47.160 --> 00:54:52.840
 if we're going to give the councilman guidance, let's give him guidance on both points. And

00:54:52.840 --> 00:55:00.600
 so, if it is your intention to say there's not a current conflict, thus allowing action,

00:55:00.600 --> 00:55:06.360
 but that there's still the disclosure requirement for a calendar year, then I would include

00:55:06.360 --> 00:55:11.400
 that in your- I would suggest that we do that in two motions.

00:55:11.400 --> 00:55:19.120
 All right. So, I'll step back from that, excuse me, and see if there's a second on Mr. Johnson's

00:55:19.120 --> 00:55:29.800
 original motion. I will second the motion.

00:55:29.800 --> 00:55:45.320
 So do- and we vote on the motion. So, ayes? All ayes? All ayes. Any opposed? No. Motion

00:55:45.320 --> 00:55:59.860
 carries. So, second motion. Do I hear a motion on disclosure?

00:55:59.860 --> 00:56:07.400
 Let me- Committed his motion to include that on our

00:56:07.400 --> 00:56:13.160
 last vote, didn't we? No, I thought we were doing it on two motions.

00:56:13.160 --> 00:56:19.240
 Yeah, I suggested that we do the- it is two motions to make it clear, the motion language

00:56:19.240 --> 00:56:26.480
 be less- Madison, let me make sure I understand the

00:56:26.480 --> 00:56:33.720
 purpose and the language of the second disclosure. I would imagine, based upon where we are,

00:56:33.720 --> 00:56:40.600
 the second disclosure would say something like, "I, Paul Milster, had a previous conflict

00:56:40.600 --> 00:56:50.640
 and that my wife was employed with UNT up until January of 2021 when she ceased employment.

00:56:50.640 --> 00:56:56.680
 When she ceased employment, I no longer have a current conflict, so I will not abstain

00:56:56.680 --> 00:57:04.320
 from any votes related to UNT after January 2021."

00:57:04.320 --> 00:57:13.280
 Well, and we might need an opinion from you on this, Alan. So there's basically two disclosure

00:57:13.280 --> 00:57:18.800
 pieces required in the current code. There's the one that says- that's like the business

00:57:18.800 --> 00:57:29.440
 disclosure whereby you have to disclose that you have a business relationship or something

00:57:29.440 --> 00:57:41.040
 to, in general, to the public, which I believe, like, if you owned a business- can you hear

00:57:41.040 --> 00:57:48.280
 me? I have internet. Okay, there we go. If you- you would have to disclose, "Hey, I have

00:57:48.280 --> 00:57:53.600
 a relationship with this," and then any time that became a pending matter, you would have

00:57:53.600 --> 00:58:01.180
 to then say, "I'm abstaining because of this conflict of interest that I've previously

00:58:01.180 --> 00:58:09.600
 disclosed." Did that make sense? And did you hear me because of my internet connection?

00:58:09.600 --> 00:58:14.960
 Yeah, your video froze, but I could hear the audio just fine.

00:58:14.960 --> 00:58:26.600
 Correct, Alan, is that your understanding? Yes. So I think the question here is, he's

00:58:26.600 --> 00:58:32.920
 already disclosed that he had a relationship with UNT. Do we want to basically require

00:58:32.920 --> 00:58:39.560
 him to, whenever there's a pending matter concerning UNT, to disclose that he had previously

00:58:39.560 --> 00:58:47.480
 had a conflict, but it is not currently a conflict? So that's why he's voting each time

00:58:47.480 --> 00:58:52.840
 that that comes up. Why does he have to do it each time?

00:58:52.840 --> 00:59:01.480
 That was my question as well. Why not just file another disclosure saying that that relationship

00:59:01.480 --> 00:59:13.960
 terminated on January 2021? I think- I think you can. That's the point

00:59:13.960 --> 00:59:19.800
 of this second motion, is what level of disclosure do you think is warranted under the code going

00:59:19.800 --> 00:59:26.120
 forward in light of your previous motion that there's no longer a current conflict?

00:59:26.120 --> 00:59:32.240
 Right. You're just providing advice on what his disclosure requirements are at this point.

00:59:32.240 --> 00:59:44.880
 I don't know. I'm not sure he needs to refer to it as a prior conflict. I think just a

00:59:44.880 --> 00:59:50.720
 provision that my wife has been employed with University of Texas for 15 years. She's terminating

00:59:50.720 --> 00:59:56.440
 due to retirement or she's terminating as of January. And that's it. I don't think there

00:59:56.440 --> 01:00:07.120
 has to be anything explaining that he had a conflict of interest.

01:00:07.120 --> 01:00:20.720
 I would tend to agree. So would you like to make a motion?

01:00:20.720 --> 01:00:32.760
 I'll make a motion that he would need to do an affidavit or- I'll make a motion that he

01:00:32.760 --> 01:00:40.960
 would need to inform the public that his- I don't know. How would we- Madison, who does

01:00:40.960 --> 01:00:48.240
 he give the other? He would disclose- he could basically issue

01:00:48.240 --> 01:00:56.960
 one disclosure that says his relationship is terminated because his wife is no longer

01:00:56.960 --> 01:01:04.800
 employed there. And I believe that ends up being filed with me. So he would just need

01:01:04.800 --> 01:01:08.400
 to basically fill out a form that says that and then send it to me and it would be on

01:01:08.400 --> 01:01:11.280
 file. Oh, I'm sorry.

01:01:11.280 --> 01:01:18.440
 Okay. That his wife has been an employee of University of North Texas and is no longer

01:01:18.440 --> 01:01:24.360
 an employee. Yes. Perhaps what the motion could be is that

01:01:24.360 --> 01:01:32.600
 you advise him in this opinion to file an affidavit disclosing his previous and current

01:01:32.600 --> 01:01:40.320
 relationship with the University of North Texas and leave it at that. And how he chooses

01:01:40.320 --> 01:01:45.560
 to word it is up to his discretion. But that description of the relationship becomes a

01:01:45.560 --> 01:01:52.040
 public record. It puts people on notice. And for our purposes, it checks the box under

01:01:52.040 --> 01:01:56.520
 the code of ethics. Perfect. Perfect. Perfect.

01:01:56.520 --> 01:02:02.840
 We're good. If Don's wording is appropriate, then I second.

01:02:02.840 --> 01:02:12.520
 Let me try to read it back. So basically the motion states that the panel advises Councilmember

01:02:12.520 --> 01:02:17.880
 Meltzer to file an affidavit that discloses that his previous relationship with the University

01:02:17.880 --> 01:02:27.440
 of North Texas has been terminated. Does that work for the motion language?

01:02:27.440 --> 01:02:39.560
 Yes. So that's the motion. Do I have a second?

01:02:39.560 --> 01:02:48.400
 I'll second, whosoever motioned it first. It was your motion. You can't second.

01:02:48.400 --> 01:02:57.320
 Well, I thought I seconded it. So Ron seconded it. I'll vote for it for the

01:02:57.320 --> 01:03:10.800
 motion. Yes. Yes. Yes. So three ayes, no nays. Motion is approved.

01:03:10.800 --> 01:03:21.600
 All right. Any other comments or questions? We'll see you at three o'clock.

01:03:21.600 --> 01:03:27.600
 So Alan, you write this up with Madison and then I review and sign and then it goes forward.

01:03:27.600 --> 01:03:31.520
 Is that how it works? Yes, that's what's next. And from my vantage

01:03:31.520 --> 01:03:36.840
 point, which is very different from your point of view, I can opine that I think this went

01:03:36.840 --> 01:03:43.120
 really well. And I think this is exactly what this process was meant to do. I think some

01:03:43.120 --> 01:03:47.720
 folks may disagree with the outcome, but I think the process you went through in deliberating

01:03:47.720 --> 01:03:52.400
 this was excellent. Thank you for letting me be a part of it.

01:03:52.400 --> 01:03:55.840
 Thank you for being a part of it and for your guidance.

01:03:55.840 --> 01:04:00.560
 Before we move on, I just want to confirm that it seems like there's a consensus from

01:04:00.560 --> 01:04:07.880
 this panel that we should at least bring up to the board clarifying what current conflicting

01:04:07.880 --> 01:04:13.200
 interest means officially, formally in the ordinance language as a recommendation to

01:04:13.200 --> 01:04:27.840
 council or just to discuss that as a board. Yes. Okay. Okay. Anything else? Meeting adjourned.

01:04:27.840 --> 01:04:32.800
 Thank you, everyone. Thank you. Thank you, Don.

